are layered with semiconductor devices. The Back-end segment manufactures and sells equipment and materials used in assembly and packaging steps, to separate silicon wafers into individual circuits, as well as for assembly, packaging and testing. The product portfolio of ASM comprises Epsilon, a single wafer epitaxy tool; Pulsar, an atomic layer deposition (ALD) high-k tool; and EmerALD, a process module designed to deposit thin conformal metal layers by ALD, among others. The Company has over 40 subsidiaries, active in the Netherlands, France, Belgium, Italy, Finland, the United States, Taiwan and China, among others.