Liquid X inks are unique because, unlike other metallic conductive inks, their products contain actual metal atoms, not nanoparticles or metal flakes. The processing parameters of Liquid X metallic inks are attractive due to the low conversion temperatures and short processing times. The resulting films or traces exhibit desirable characteristics such as high conductivity, thin and precise features, and excellent adhesion. An advantage of the low temperature processing is the ability to use of a wide range of substrates from fibrous materials such as paper and gauze to flexible, organic material such as plastics. In addition, low viscosity provides the opportunity for the use of a variety of deposition methods such as inkjet, slot die, flexography, offset, and gravure.